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1-2-3 WYSIWYG TIPS AND TECHNIQUES Lotus 1-2-3 with Wysiwyg provides advanced display, formatting, and printing features that help you build worksheets that look better and communicate their contents more effectively. Wysiwyg (What-You-See-Is-What-You-Get) gives you the tools to prepare great-looking forms and menus, generate reports that combine numbers, text, and graphics on the same page, and customize the 1-2-3 screen colors and worksheet fonts to your requirements. Wysiwyg also lets you use a mouse to quickly complete 1-2-3 tasks. This article provides tips on how to use 1-2-3 Wysiwyg more effectively. It summarizes many of the Wysiwyg shortcuts and it also describes some previously undocumented 1-2-3 Wysiwyg features. NOTE To tell 1-2-3 to load Wysiwyg on startup, do the following: Press ADDIN (Alt-F10), select Settings System Set, select WYSIWYG.PLC, and select Yes No-Key. Then, select Update Quit Quit to save the new add-in configuration and return to READY mode. From now on, when you start 1-2-3, Wysiwyg will load automatically. ROW, COLUMN, AND RANGE SHORTCUTS One of the nicest features of 1-2-3 Wysiwyg is that it provides keyboard and mouse support, so you can quickly perform various tasks without going through the usual menu choices. Following are some keyboard and mouse shortcuts you can use to work with columns, rows, and ranges. Later sections of this article describe shortcuts that apply to other kinds of tasks. Row/Column Shortcuts Operation Menu Command Shortcut Set column width Worksheet MOUSE Move the mouse pointer to the Column vertical line to the right of the column Set-Width letter. Press the left mouse button and drag the mouse pointer to the right or left until the column is the width you want. Release the mouse button. Reset column width Worksheet MOUSE Move the mouse pointer to the Column vertical line to the right of the column Reset-Width letter, press the left mouse button, press SHIFT, release the button, release SHIFT. Hide a column /Worksheet MOUSE Move the mouse pointer to the Column Hide vertical line to the right of the column letter. Press the left mouse button and drag the mouse pointer to the left, past the vertical line to the left of the column number. Release the mouse button. Display a hidden /Worksheet MOUSE Move the mouse pointer to the column Column Display vertical line to the left of the column letter after the hidden column you want to redisplay. Press the left mouse button and drag the mouse pointer to the right. Release the mouse button. Set row height :Worksheet Row MOUSE Move the mouse pointer to the Set-Height horizontal line below the row number of the row you want to change. Press and hold the left mouse button, then drag the mouse pointer up or down until the row is the height you want. Release the mouse button. Range Selection Shortcuts Operation Menu Command Shortcut Preselect a range None KEYBOARD Move the cell pointer to one for one or more corner of the range, press (F4), highlight commands the range, and press ENTER. MOUSE Move the cell pointer to one corner of the range, press the left mouse button, and press and release SHIFT without releasing the mouse button. Drag the mouse to highlight the range, then release the mouse button. Deselect a range None Move the cell pointer, press ESC, or click the left mouse button. TEXT FORMATTING :Format commands, :Text commands, and formatting sequences can all be broadly thought of as parts of 1-2-3 Wysiwyg's text formatting capabilities. Each can, in one way or another, control how Wysiwyg displays and prints worksheet data. Things You Should Know About Wysiwyg Text Formatting The :Format commands let you control the overall appearance of cells and ranges. The :Text commands perform a similar service, but for individual characters and words within cells. Formatting sequences, too, let you change the way text looks within cells, but formatting sequences work in circumstances where you can't use :Text commands, and they also provide additional formatting control that is not available through the menus. :Format Commands Use the :Format commands to change fonts, colors, and attributes at the cell or range level, and to add lines or shading for emphasis. :Text Commands Use :Text commands to fine-tune text formatting. :Text Edit gives you access to a miniature word processor within the worksheet environment. You can enter and edit data directly in the worksheet instead of in the control panel, and you have access to word-processing features such as word wrap and font control. :Text Align commands align labels within ranges instead of within cells, so you can, for example, center a long label over a range of cells without having to carefully measure column widths. :Text Reformat rearranges a column of long labels into paragraph form, somewhat like /Range Justify. When you are using :Text Edit, pressing (F3) brings up a formatting menu that lets you modify the way text prints or is displayed. You can change attributes such as bolding and underlining, and you can assign different fonts, colors, or outlines to the contents of cells and to individual words or characters. Formatting Sequences When you select formatting options with (F3), 1-2-3 Wysiwyg inserts formatting sequences in the cell at the cursor location. These formatting sequences are actually independent of :Text mode, and you can type them directly even in cells that are not in {Text} format. With formatting sequences, you can change the format of text in any cell, regardless of the cell format, and you can change text in headers, footers, and in graphics. You can also create effects that go beyond the formatting options of the :Text Edit menu. Besides changing fonts, colors, or attributes such as bolding and underlining, formatting sequences allow you to control the spacing between characters (kerning); create a variety of outlines and strike-throughs; hide characters; use eight additional colors; and flip or rotate text horizontally or vertically. NOTE Not all formatting sequence combinations will work with all printers. Text Formatting Tips Tip: Using Formatting Sequences Most of the available formatting sequences are described in Wysiwyg Publishing and Presentation on page 3-14. These formatting sequences, as well as others not previously documented, are also listed in Appendix A of this document. Steps: To add formatting sequences to text or text objects, first edit the text you want to format, either by pressing [EDIT] (F2) for text or by selecting :Graph Edit Edit Text for text objects. Then, move the cursor in front of the first character you want to format and press [CTRL-A]. A triangle symbol appears. After the triangle symbol, type one of the codes from the tables in Appendix A. Wysiwyg applies the specified format to the subsequent characters in the cell. You can apply more than one formatting sequence to a particular set of characters, as long as you begin each with [CTRL-A]. For example, to format text as bold italics, first press [CTRL-A] and then type b to turn on the bold attribute, then press [CTRL-A] and then type i to turn on the italic attribute. To stop using a particular formatting code, move to the end of the text you want to format, press [CTRL-E], and then type the formatting code you want to stop using. For example, if you are formatting text as bold italics and want to stop using bold but continue to use italics, press [CTRL-E] and then type b. To stop using all formatting codes and mark the end of the formatting sequence, press [CTRL-N]. Wysiwyg displays an upside down triangle symbol. Removing formatting sequences is just like removing text characters from a label. Move the cell or text object that contains the formatting sequence to the control panel, then use [DEL] or [BACKSPACE] to remove the formatting sequence characters. NOTE Formatting codes are case sensitive, so be sure to type uppercase or lowercase letters as they appear in the tables in Appendix A. Tip: Changing Text Attributes with {LET} Commands Instead of using menu commands from within a macro to change text attributes, use formatting sequences in {LET} statements. Steps: Using {LET} statements in macros to change cell attributes is much faster than using the menu commands. For instance, to make cell A:A1 display its contents in italics, precede the current cell contents with the characters i. To do so, use a string formula like this: LET A:A1,+"i"&A:A1}, where represents the triangle symbol that appears when you type [CTRL-A]. Tip: Mixing Text with Text Objects Normally, when you have fonts of different sizes on the same row, 1-2-3 Wysiwyg automatically adjusts the row height to a size appropriate to the largest font (approximately 120% of the size of the largest font, rounded to the nearest whole point size). You can override automatic row height adjustments by manually setting the row height. However, if you enter text in a size larger than the row height, Wysiwyg does not display the upper part of that text. To combine large fonts and small fonts on the same row without either clipping the top of the large font or leaving too much white space between rows for the smaller fonts, you must combine ordinary text with text objects in Blank graphs. Steps: First, enter the normal-sized text into cells. Then, select :Graph Add Blank to create a blank space slightly larger than the size of the larger text you want to add. Select :Graph Edit Options Font-Magnification 0 to turn off font resizing. Then, select Add Text, type in the text you want, and use the mouse or :Graph Edit Rearrange Move to position the text object where you want it. If necessary, adjust the font with the Edit Font commands or with formatting sequences, then Quit the :Graph Edit menu. 1-2-3 displays the text object beside ordinary rows of text. NOTE You can also use the same technique -- combining text objects with ordinary text -- to fit more than one line of small-sized text in a single row. Text Formatting Shortcuts Operation Menu Command Shortcut Edit text in a Text :Text Edit MOUSE Double-click any cell in the Text range range with the left mouse button. Format text in a :Text Edit, KEYBOARD Move the cell pointer to the Text range (F3), text, press [EDIT], and enter [font or formatting sequences for desired fonts or attribute] attributes (see Appendix A). PRINTING 1-2-3 has two ways of printing data and graphs. The /Print commands are designed to print data and graphs without Wysiwyg formatting, while the :Print commands print worksheets with Wysiwyg formatting. Wysiwyg lets you control the usual 1-2-3 print settings, but it also adds a number of new features, such as a print status screen, the ability to save page layouts to disk, print preview, print compression, and many additional printer support options. Things You Should Know About Printing If you try to print a Wysiwyg-formatted worksheet with /Print, you will get only the worksheet data and the current graph or named graphs, not any of the graphical or text objects you have added. This is useful if, for example, you want to print a rough draft, or if you want to create an ASCII file from a worksheet. Most of the time, however, you will probably use :Print. /Print, :Print, and Page Breaks One important difference between /Print and :Print is the way the two sets of commands handle page breaks. /Print prints page breaks that are created with /Worksheet Page. :Print prints page breaks that are created with :Worksheet Page. Do not use /Worksheet Page and :Worksheet page in the same print range. Printing Allways Files with 1-2-3 Wysiwyg You can import Allways-formatted worksheet files into 1-2-3. For the most part, Wysiwyg formatting is similar to Allways formatting. There are, however, some differences in the ways the two products work, and these differences can affect printed output. When you use Allways, you switch back and forth between the 1-2-3 environment and the Allways environment. To make it easier to work simultaneously in both environments, Allways maintains its own column width settings independently from those used in 1-2-3. In Wysiwyg, on the other hand, you can perform all 1-2-3 commands from the Wysiwyg environment, so Wysiwyg and 1-2-3 use the same column settings. Allways and Wysiwyg also use fonts from different manufacturers and handle character spacing differently. In summary, Allways: * Uses its own column widths, separate from the widths maintained by 1-2-3. * Allows you to specify column widths in up to two decimal places (for instance, 12.75 characters). * Uses the width of a numeral formatted as Font 1 as the width of a character for purposes of column width measurement. Font 1 can be changed, thus changing the column width. * Uses Compugraphic fonts. Wysiwyg: * Uses the same column widths as 1-2-3. * Allows you to specify column width settings only in whole characters (for instance, 12 characters). * Uses 1/10th of an inch as the width of a character for purposes of column width measurement, regardless of the size of Font 1. * Uses Bitstream fonts. When you retrieve an Allways-formatted worksheet file in 1-2-3 with Wysiwyg, Wysiwyg tries to duplicate the Allways column widths. However, the differences between the two products can sometimes cause Allways-formatted documents to display or print wider or narrower in Wysiwyg than they did in Allways. To correct the display or printed output, modify the column width or font of the affected ranges, as described in the tip "Printing an Allways Document in Wysiwyg" below. Printing Tips Tip: Printing an Allways Document in 1-2-3 Wysiwyg An Allways-formatted report that fits across a page when printed with Allways may use more or less space when you print it with Wysiwyg. The best way to fix the problem is to create a 1-2-3 Wysiwyg version of the worksheet file that accounts for differences between the way Allways and Wysiwyg handle column widths and fonts. Steps: First, determine whether the file is printing incorrectly because of column width differences, font differences, or both. Adjust column widths in the new 1-2-3 Wysiwyg file as necessary and print the report. If adjusting column widths doesn't completely solve the problem, adjust the point size, either by changing the point size used in the range that isn't printing correctly or by changing the size of the corresponding font in the current font set. When you are satisfied with the results, save the worksheet file as a .WK3 file. 1-2-3 Wysiwyg automatically creates a .FM3 file with the same name as the worksheet file. It saves the new column widths in the .WK3 file and the new font settings in the .FM3 file. As long as the .FM3 file is in the same directory as the new worksheet file, 1-2-3 Wysiwyg uses the new settings instead of the Allways settings when you later print the worksheet file. Tip: Centering and Right-Aligning Allways-Style Long Labels In Allways, if a centered label is wider than the column width, the label overflows the cell edges and so remains centered over the cell. Similarly, if a right-aligned label is wider than the column width, it overflows the left edge of the cell. Normally, 1-2-3 Wysiwyg does not display long, centered labels or long, right-aligned labels in the Allways fashion. Instead, you usually center or right-align long labels over a range of cells with the :Text Align Center or :Text Align Right commands. You can, however, also duplicate the way Allways handles long, centered and right-aligned labels in Wysiwyg. Steps: To have long, centered labels overflow the cell edges, use the label prefix ^^ (double caret). To have long, right-aligned labels overflow the left cell edge, use the label prefix "" (double quotation mark). Tip: Previewing for Black and White Printers You can switch the screen display from color to black and white to get an idea of how your work will appear when printed on a black-and-white printer. For example, you might want to see how the colors in a graph or drawing will appear when printed in shades of gray. Steps: Select :Display Mode B&W to change the display to black-and-white, then select :Print Preview. Wysiwyg previews the output in shades of gray. Tip: Specifying Margins and Page Sizes in Different Units of Measurement With :Print Layout Margins, you can specify a print margin in inches, millimeters, or centimeters. Similarly, :Print Layout Page-Size Custom lets you specify page dimensions in inches, millimeters, or centimeters. Steps: To specify inches as the unit of measurement for page layout, type in after the margin or page-size setting. To specify a dimension in millimeters, type mm after you type a layout setting. (You can also specify cm for centimeters.) 1-2-3 Wysiwyg uses the last unit of measurement you entered, inches or millimeters, as the default for all margin, page width, and page length settings. Printing Shortcut Operation Menu Command Shortcut Remove/display :Print Info KEYBOARD Press [F6] to toggle Wysiwyg print :Print status screen display. status screen GRAPHICS The :Graph commands let you place 1-2-3 graphs anywhere in the worksheet and then enhance them with colors, text, arrows, and geometric shapes. You can also add graph files saved in .PIC format, external graphics saved in .CGM format, or create your own drawings and worksheet annotations. Things You Should Know About 1-2-3 Wysiwyg Graphics In 1-2-3 with Wysiwyg, you can work with three basic types of graphics: graphs from external files (.PIC or .CGM), graphs from within the current file (named graphs or the current graph), and objects created with the :Graph Edit Add commands. It is easier to work with 1-2-3 Wysiwyg graphics if you understand the relationships between the worksheet and the various possible graphical elements you can create. 1-2-3 Wysiwyg Graphics are Layered Think of 1-2-3 Wysiwyg graphics as layers of images that sit on top of the worksheet. The worksheet and the layers of images way Wysiwyg treats the worksheet and these image layers is much like the way you might treat the elements used to make a physical drawing: the drawing board, some material to draw upon, and the picture itself -- the lines, shapes, and other images. The worksheet itself, and any data it contains, is the base layer. Think of it as the drawing board. When you select :Graph Add and add any type of 1-2-3 Wysiwyg graphic to the worksheet, Wysiwyg puts down a background layer on top of the worksheet. The background layer defines the graphic's display area and serves as a surface on which to create the picture. Think of it as the "paper" (or "transparency," if you want what is beneath the drawing to show through) on which the graphic is to be drawn. Once the background layer is down, 1-2-3 Wysiwyg draws the image on top of it. The image, too, is a new layer. Think of this as the picture itself. In the simplest case -- a single graphic derived from an external file or 1-2-3 graph, or a single graphical or text object added to a Blank graph -- you have only two layers on top of the worksheet: the background layer and the image or graphical object layer. However, you can build up more complex pictures either by adding additional object layers to an existing Wysiwyg graphic, or by adding more than one 1-2-3 or external graph to the same display area. Case 1: Adding more objects After you create any kind of graphic with :Graph Add, you can add graphical or text objects to it with :Graph Edit Add. For instance, you can create a graphic from the current graph with :Graph Add Current and then add text to that graphic with :Graph Edit Add Text. The display area then contains the worksheet "base," the background layer for the current graph, the current graph's image layer, and the object layer for the text you added. Each time you select :Graph Edit Add and add a new graphical object or text object to a graphic, you add a new layer. Case 2: Adding more graphs You can also build up pictures by adding more than one 1-2-3 graph, Blank graph, or external graph to the same display area. When you select :Graph Add Current, Named, PIC, or Metafile, 1-2-3 creates another background layer, then lays down another image or object layer. Initially, the new graphic covers up the one beneath it, which may be what you want. If it's not, you can make the background layer and some of the colors of the new graphic transparent, so that all or part of the layer beneath shows through. (More on this later in "[XREF] .") Each 1-2-3 Wysiwyg graphic has at least two layers, the background layer and the image or object layer. These layers sit "on top of" the worksheet itself. How 1-2-3 Stores and Manages Wysiwyg Graphics Each of the basic types of 1-2-3 Wysiwyg graphics is stored and managed somewhat differently. Understanding these differences can help ensure that your graphics accurately reflect current data, and that when you transfer a worksheet file containing a graphic to someone else, you provide all the components that person will need to display the same graphic. Where a graphic comes from also affects how you change the colors and fonts used in the graphic. Graphical and text objects: 1-2-3 stores graphics created with :Graph Add Blank in the .FM3 file. Wysiwyg graphics are updated with each worksheet recalculation (unless you applied :Graph Settings Sync No to the graphic). Current or named graphs: For graphics you create from a named or current graph, 1-2-3 stores settings you make from the :Graph menu in the .FM3 file. As with Wysiwyg graphics, 1-2-3 updates current or named graphs you add to the worksheet with every worksheet recalculation (unless you applied :Graph Settings Sync No to the graphic). Metafiles (.CGM) and PIC files: Graphs and images stored in .CGM and .PIC files are never actually brought into the .WK3 file or the .FM3 file. Instead, 1-2-3 Wysiwyg creates a reference to the graph file on disk, much like a file link. It stores this reference, as well as any modifications you make to the graphic, in the .FM3 file. To update graphics saved in .PIC and .CGM files that you then add to the worksheet, you must change the image itself and then select :Graph Compute. 1-2-3 Wysiwyg then redraws the image using the current .PIC or .CGM file's data. Graphics Tips Tip: Combining Graphs and Graphics In Wysiwyg, you can build up a complex image from a sequence of graphic layers, much as, when a cartoonist makes an animated cartoon, he can build up a series of frames by laying sheets of painted acetate that contain new objects or characters on top of a base drawing. Steps: With :Graph Edit, you can add text, arrows, or hand-drawn pictures to any graphic. With :Graph Add, you can superimpose one graphic on another; then, with :Graph Settings Opaque No, you can make the background of the second graphic transparent, so the first graphic shows through. Each graphic can be manipulated separately. Tip: Modifying External and 1-2-3 Graph Images from :Graph Edit Because Wysiwyg treats each graph you add to the worksheet with :Graph Add Current, Named, PIC, or Metafile as a single object, you can directly change only the size of text and the colors of various parts of these graphs from :Graph Edit mode. (For example, from :Graph Edit, you can't edit the text used in a graph title created with /Graph Title.) However, you can achieve the same visual effect as you would get from editing the graph by layering other graphics on top of an existing graph. Steps: By combining worksheet graphs or graph files with graphical objects created in :Graph Edit, you can effectively modify any element of a graph, even if you can't make changes to the original graph itself. For example, you could replace the original graph title of a .PIC file (which you could not otherwise edit in Wysiwyg) with a new title by hiding the original title behind either an opaque rectangle or a Blank graph, and then entering a new title in the same or another location with :Graph Edit Add Text. NOTE You can change the size of all text in the :Graph Edit window, regardless of where it came from, with :Graph Edit Options Font-Magnification, and you can change the colors of various parts of a graph, regardless of its source, with :Graph Edit Color Map. (See "[XREF]" later in this article for tips on how to do this.) Tip: Using Cells or Range Names for Text Objects In graphs you create with :Graph Add Blank, you can use a cell reference as a text object instead of typing the literal text. This feature lets you display different numbers or labels in the graph for different worksheet conditions. Steps: First, create a simple @IF formula such as: @IF(SALES>QUOTA,"Wow!","Try harder!"). Then, refer to this formula in a Wysiwyg graph annotation so that the annotation displays the appropriate phrase. In this case, the contents of the graph annotation depend on the relationship between SALES and QUOTA). If the SALES value in the worksheet is greater than the QUOTA value, this formula evaluates to the phrase "Wow!"; otherwise, it says "Try harder!" To do so, select :Graph Edit (or double-click on the graph you want to edit). Select Add Text and type a backslash followed by the cell address or the range name of the cell that contains the @IF formula, (for example, \B:D19 or a range name for that cell such as COMPARISON). Press ENTER , then move the cursor to the location at which you want the text to appear. Press ENTER again or click the left mouse button. Instead of displaying the cell reference, Wysiwyg displays the current value of cell B:D19 (in this case, either "Wow!" or "Try harder!). NOTE Use a range name for the cell that you want to use as a text object. If you use a range name, 1-2-3 will always find the correct cell, since the range name will always evaluate to the cell's current address. (If you type a cell address instead of a range name and then later move that cell to another location, 1-2-3 will reference the cell at the original address, rather than your label or formula cell.) Tip: Determining the Optimum Display Ratio for Graphs When you create a graphic with :Graph Add, Wysiwyg automatically sizes the graphic to the display range you specify. If the display range is too wide, or too narrow, Wysiwyg distorts the display, and it may also print similar vertical and horizontal lines with different widths. The optimum display range for graphs is a width/height ratio of 4/3. If you use a display range with this ratio, Wysiwyg displays and print graphs as true as possible to the original image, regardless of the size of the display range. Steps: The easiest way to ensure a 4/3 ratio is to use the worksheet frame as a measuring tool. Select :Display Options Frame Special to display the worksheet frame in units of measurement rather than in row numbers and column letters. :Display Options Grid Yes displays a row/column grid. Together, these commands allow you to adjust the column widths and row heights to set up the graphic display area in any proportions you like, including 4/3. For example, suppose you want to import a Metafile into a two-inch-wide area. The optimum height for this width is 1.5 inches. Turn on grids and display the worksheet frame in inches. Adjust the width of the columns in the display area so that the total width from the beginning of the first column to the end of the last column is 2 inches (for example, set columns A and B to 10 and use them as the width). Then, adjust the width of the rows in the display area so that the top of the top row of the display area and the bottom of the bottom row are 1.5 inches apart (for example, set rows 1 to 9 to 12 points each and use them as the height). Select :Graph Add Metafile and add the graph you want to display. Wysiwyg displays the graph in correct proportions. NOTE The font-magnification scaling factor controls the size of text in a graphic, but it also affects the thickness of lines in graphics. Set :Graph Edit Options Font-Magnification to 0 to be sure that horizontal and vertical lines of the same logical width (for example, Medium) print and display the same. Tip: Transferring a 1-2-3 Wysiwyg Application to Someone Else As you've seen, a complex Wysiwyg graph can be made up of many individual components. When you transfer a graph to someone else, make sure you include the .WK3 file, the .FM3 file, and any .CGM or .PIC files referenced in the worksheet file. Also note that when Wysiwyg creates a reference to a .CGM or .PIC file, it automatically includes the entire path, including the drive letter. If you plan to move a worksheet that contains Wysiwyg graphics derived from one or more external files to a different drive or directory, use only the name of the file, rather than using the full path. Steps: For example, suppose you have a map of the Canadian provinces in a .CGM file named CANPROV.CGM, and that this file resides on the C: drive, in directory \MAPS. If you select :Graph Add Metafile, then select CANPROV.CGM, Wysiwyg uses the full path, C:\MAPS\CANPROV.CGM. This is fine if the worksheet file and the graph stay where they are, but if you move the files to another location, Wysiwyg will still look for CANPROV.CGM in C:\MAPS. The easiest way to handle applications that contain graphics, when you might move the application, is to 1) keep the worksheet files and the graphics files in the same directory, 2) make that directory the current directory, and 3) type the name of each .CGM or .PIC file, without a drive or directory, in response to the Select a graphic file: prompt. Wysiwyg will be able to find the .CGM or .PIC files as long as those file are in the current directory, whatever that directory is named. For example, if a worksheet file that references CANPROV.CGM is in the directory C:\SALES, copy CANPROV.CGM to C:\SALES and then make C:\SALES the current directory. Select :Graph Add Metafile and highlight CANPROV.CGM. Then, press ESC twice to erase the proposed file name and type in CANPROV.CGM yourself instead of pressing ENTER to accept the full path name. When 1-2-3 Wysiwyg draws the graph, it uses the file name CANPROV.CGM as the file reference instead of C:\SALES\CANPROV.CGM. Graph Editing Shortcuts The entries in the following tables assume you are already in the graphics editing window. To get into the graphics editing window, either move the cell pointer to any cell within the cell boundaries of a graph and double click the left mouse button, or select :Graph Edit and select the graph you want to edit. To return to READY mode from :Graph Edit, either select Quit or press [CTRL-BREAK]. Changing the :Graph Edit Window Operation Menu Command Shortcut Enlarge window View + KEYBOARD Press [+] to enlarge the contents contents of the graphics editing window. Reduce window View - KEYBOARD Press [-] to reduce the contents contents of the graphics editing window. Enlarge the View In MOUSE Move the mouse cursor to the first graphics editing corner of the area you want to enlarge. window Hold down [CTRL], press and hold the left mouse button, and drag the mouse to stretch the area you want to enlarge. Release the mouse button and the [CTRL] key. Restore the View Full MOUSE Hold down [CTRL] and click graphics editing the left mouse button. window to normal size Move display up View Up KEYBOARD Press [UP] in :Graph Edit one-half screen (with enlarged view). Move display down View Down KEYBOARD Press [DOWN] in :Graph one-half screen Edit (with enlarged view). Display/hide grid Options Grid KEYBOARD In :Graph Edit, press [F4] lines [Yes] [No] to display grid lines, again to hide. Selecting and Handling Graphical and Text Objects Operation Menu Command Shortcut Select single Select One MOUSE Move the mouse cursor to the object object and click the left mouse button once. Select/deselect one Select MOUSE Move the mouse cursor to an object or more objects More/Less and hold down SHIFT while clicking without affecting once with the left mouse button. other selected objects Delete selected Rearrange KEYBOARD Press [DEL] to delete objects Delete selected objects from the graphics editing window. Copy selected Rearrange Copy KEYBOARD Press [INS] to make a copy objects of selected objects in the graphics editing window. Restore most Rearrange KEYBOARD When no objects are selected, recently deleted Restore press [INS] to restore the most objects recently deleted objects. Move a selected Rearrange Move MOUSE Move the mouse cursor to the object selected object, press and hold the left mouse button, drag the object to wherever you want to move it, and release the mouse button. To move selected object along the x-axis, y-axis, or at a 45 degree angle, hold down SHIFT as you drag the object. For greatest precision, use [RIGHT], [LEFT], [UP], and [DOWN] to move the object. Changing Text Objects Operation Menu Command Shortcut Edit text in text Edit Text KEYBOARD Select the text object, press object [EDIT] (F2), edit the text, and press ENTER. (Or, press [EDIT] (F2), select the text object, edit the text, and press ENTER.) Change font or Edit Font KEYBOARD In :Graph Edit, select the text attribute of text object, press [EDIT] (F2), add object formatting sequences, and press ENTER. Adding Lines, Squares, and Circles to a Graphic Operation Menu Command Shortcut Add a line segment :Graph Edit Add MOUSE Select Add Line. Move the mouse at a 45-degree Line cursor to the first point, press and hold angle the left mouse button, press SHIFT , move the cursor to the next point. Double-click the left mouse button when you have finished drawing the line or lines. Add a square or :Graph Edit Add MOUSE Select Add Rectangle (for a circle [Rectangle] square) or Ellipse (for a circle). Move [Ellipse] the mouse cursor to the first corner, press and hold the left mouse button, press SHIFT, stretch the box, release the mouse button and then release the SHIFT key. COLOR MAPPING In Wysiwyg, you can control the color of the background and image layers of a graphic separately. You can change the color assignments for each of the colors in the graphic, either so that they more closely match the original (in the case of a .CGM or .PIC file you brought into the worksheet) or to create an entirely new effect. For example, you can change the yellow parts of a graphic to green. You can also make any part of a graphic transparent. Making a color transparent allows whatever is beneath the transparent part to show through. Things You Should Know About Color Mapping Although each type of graphic allows somewhat different levels of flexibility, the principles are basically the same for graphic objects, named or current graphs, and .PIC or .CGM images. There are, however, some differences, and understanding these differences will make it easier for you to quickly get the results you want with any type of graphic. The next few sections describe those differences; the following tips show you how to apply that knowledge to graphics color editing. Color Numbers and Color Maps First, understand the Wysiwyg scheme for identifying colors used by :Graph Edit Color Map. :Graph Edit Color Map displays a menu of 16 color numbers and letters (1 through G), each of which represents one of the up to 16 colors Wysiwyg can display in a particular graphic. Each of these color numbers is assigned a particular color. For example, color number 1 is usually black and color number G is usually white. You can change the color assigned to any of these color numbers to any of a palette of the 224 possible colors you see when you select one of these numbers or letters from the :Graph Edit Color Map menu. Table B-1 in Appendix B shows the :Graph Edit Color Map default palette assignments by name and palette assignment. Colors and Wysiwyg graphical objects: Wysiwyg-created graphics give you the most control over color because Wysiwyg treats each line, shape, or text object as a separate object. Just as you can move or copy each object, you can also separately manipulate the colors. You can assign one of 224 palette colors to either the lines or the inside of an object (or the lines, inside, and text of a text object), and you can combine as many objects as you like into a single picture. Colors and Metafiles or PIC files: When you add a .CGM or .PIC image to a worksheet, Wysiwyg treats the image as one graphical object. It examines the colors it finds in the image file and matches them to one of the 16 colors available from the :Graph Edit Color Map menu (colors 1 through G). If you don't like the way Wysiwyg matched the colors, or if you want to achieve a completely different effect, you can change the color assignment with :Graph Edit Color Map. The changes you make affect only that graphic; they do not affect the original .CGM or .PIC file. Colors and Current or Named graphs: Named and current graphs are handled similarly to .CGM or .PIC images, as far as color mapping is concerned. You can change the color of various parts of the graph by selecting :Graph Edit Color Map. As with .CGM or .PIC files, the changes you make affect only that graphic, not the original named or current graph settings. NOTE When you create a graphic from the current graph or a named graph, color number 1 controls the graph text and axis labels, color numbers 2 through 7 control the colors of the graph's data ranges, and color G controls the color of the graph's background. Graphical Object Colors vs Display Colors Besides changing the colors of a graphical object, you can also change the colors of the Wysiwyg display (and, therefore, the colors of the graphical object's display). Do not confuse the colors you change with :Graph Edit Color with the colors you can change with :Display Color Replace. The :Graph Edit Color selections are the actual colors of the objects. If you have a color printer, Wysiwyg will print the colors you select with :Graph Edit Color. The :Display Color selections, on the other hand, affect only how the colors look on the screen. Changing a color with :Display Color Replace has no effect on how the color prints. Think of the difference between :Display Color Replace and :Graph Edit Color as similar to the difference between the colors used in a television broadcast and the colors you see on your own television. By altering the color balance of the television set, you can make yellow look anywhere from purple to bright green (or even a shade of grey). The broadcast image, however, is still yellow. Similarly, with :Display Color Replace, you can change yellow to purple or green, but Wysiwyg will print it yellow. The default colors and settings for :Display Color are: Black 0 Dark-Blue 1 White 7 Cyan 3 Red 4 Yellow 62 Green 18 Magenta 5 You can change each of these colors to any of the possible 224 palette colors with :Display Color Replace. Changes made to the display colors, if saved with :Display Default Update, affect all future 1-2-3 sessions. They have no effect on printed output. Select :Display Default Restore to replace the current display color settings with the display settings saved in WYSIWYG3.CNF. NOTE Setting :Display Options Frame Relief or setting :Display Options Intensity High changes the color assignments. Color Mapping Tips Tip: Fine-Tuning the Colors in a .CGM or .PIC File Image When you use :Graph Add to add a .CGM or .PIC file to the worksheet, the colors you get will usually be close to the original, but they may not be exact. You can match then more closely with the :Graph Edit Color commands. Steps: Select :Graph Edit Color Map to display the graph editing window and the menu of 16 colors. The default colors associated with each of these 16 colors (colors 1 through G) are listed in the table in Appendix B. To determine which color in the graphic to change, compare the displayed color you want to change with one of the colors in the table. When you find a match, note the number to the left of the color. Select that number or letter from the :Graph Edit Color Map menu. Wysiwyg displays a map of 224 colors. The colors in the center column correspond to the basic Wysiwyg colors. Each of these colors can have a different palette assignment. All the other colors except the colors in the first column are variations of these basic colors. The colors in the first column are the "permanent" colors; they cannot be changed by :Display Color Replace. Select a new color that more closely matches the original graph color and press ENTER. Wysiwyg redisplays the image, substituting the selected color for the original color wherever it appears in the image. For example, suppose that you add a .CGM picture of a banana to the worksheet file, and you feel that the yellow of the banana is off. If you refer to the chart in Appendix B, you see that yellow is color number 5. So, select :Graph Edit Color Map 5. Wysiwyg displays a color map and highlights the number 41, which is the default color assignment for color number 5. Select a new shade of yellow (for example, 58), then press ENTER. Wysiwyg uses the new color for each part of the image that used the original yellow. Tip: Making Data Show Through a Graph Sometimes, it is useful to let whatever is beneath a graphic show through. For example, you can draw a circle on top of data, or use arrows and lines to visually connect different steps in a process. A: Take some worksheet data. B: Create a new graphic to add to the display. C: Add the new graphic to the display. D: Make the new graphic's background transparent. You can make any part of a graphic either a particular color or transparent. The procedure you must follow to make data in the worksheet or in a layer beneath a graphic show through varies, depending on the source of the graphic and the colors of the image or graphical objects. Steps: You can make a graphic's background layer transparent by selecting :Graph Settings Opaque No. If the data is obscured only by the background (as is the case with a single graphic added to a Blank graph), this will do the trick. However, if the data is beneath a colored part of the graphic, you will also have to set that color to transparent. To do so, you select :Graph Edit Color Map and change the color of the part of the object that is concealing the data to transparent. With .CGM files, sometimes you have only to change the background color, and sometimes you have to change both the background color and the apparent background of the .CGM image itself. This is because different software packages produce .CGM files with different ways of handling the image background. If the .CGM file itself has a transparent background when you add it to the worksheet, all you have to do to make data show through the background is to change the Wysiwyg background layer to transparent by selecting :Graph Settings Opaque No. If the .CGM file itself has a colored background, or if you want data to show through some other part of the .CGM image, you can set Opaque to No to make the Wysiwyg background transparent and then make the color of part of the image transparent, too. To make a color transparent, you first find the color you need to change in the chart in Appendix B. Then, you select :Graph Edit Color Map and choose the color number of the color you want to make transparent. Wysiwyg displays a map of 224 colors and outlines the current mapping for the color you have selected. Palette number 17 is the setting for transparent (the color patch immediately below 1, labeled Transp). Select it to make the color number for the color you have chosen, for this particular image, transparent. For example, the color number for white (often used for .CGM file backgrounds) is G. By default, white is mapped to palette number 201. To make this white transparent, select :Graph Edit Color Map G, move the color palette highlight to color patch number 17, and press ENTER. Color Mapping Shortcut Operation Menu Command Shortcut Cycle through :Display Colors KEYBOARD Select :Display Colors Replace palette for color Replace and highlight the color you want to you want to replace [specify color, replace but don't press ENTER. specify number, Press [UP] or [DOWN] to cycle press through the colors you can use to replace ENTER] the highlighted color. As you press the arrow keys, the objects which use the highlighted color reflect the changes. APPENDIX A: 1-2-3 WYSIWYG FORMATTING SEQUENCES Formatting sequences in bold in Table A-1 and A-2 are previously undocumented. The remaining sequences are also documented on page 3-14 of Wysiwyg Publishing and Presentation. To begin a formatting sequence, type [CTRL-A] followed by the code in the table. To end a formatting sequence, type [CTRL-E] followed by the code you want to stop using. To end all formatting sequences in a cell, type [CTRL-N] after the last character you want formatted. NOTE Not all formatting sequence combinations will work with all printers. Formatting codes are case sensitive, so be sure to type uppercase or lowercase letters as they appear in the tables. Table A-1: Attributes Code Formats data as b Bold d Subscript 2d Lower subscript i Italics 1g to 6g Greying (mixes with background color) 1k to 127k Kerning (positive) -1k to -127k Kerning (negative) 1o to 225o Outline of characters r1 to r3 Rotate 90, 180, 270 degrees t Thick (filled outlining) u Superscript 2u Higher superscript x Data flipped on its x axis (backwards) y Data flipped on its y axis (upside down) 1_ Single underlining 2_ Double underlining 3_ Wide underlining 4_ Outline around characters 5_ Strike-through characters 6_ to 31_ Additional strike-through, underlining, outlining ! "Not" (following text is invisible) Table A-2: Colors and Fonts Code Formats data as 0c Current text color 1c Black (or White, if background is Black) 2c Red 3c Green 4c Dark blue 5c Cyan 6c Yellow 7c Magenta 8c White (if background is white, otherwise Black) 9c Permanent Light Brown 10c Permanent Orange 11c Permanent Green 12c Permanent Blue 13c Permanent Pink 14c Permanent Brown 15c Permanent Magenta 1F Font 1 from the current font set 2F Font 2 from the current font set 3F Font 3 from the current font set 4F Font 4 from the current font set 5F Font 5 from the current font set 6F Font 6 from the current font set 7F Font 7 from the current font set 8F Font 8 from the current font set A to H Font 1 to Font 8 from the current font set NOTE Codes 9c through 15c display text in driver-dependent colors that are for display purposes only. If you assign them to text, the colors of the text will look the same regardless of the Wysiwyg session's :Display Color settings. These colors print as black, even if you have a color printer. APPENDIX B: :GRAPH EDIT COLOR MAP PALETTE ASSIGNMENTS This table describes the colors and default palette assignments associated with the color numbers available from the :Graph Edit Color Map menu. See "[XREF]" for more information on using this table to perform color mapping. Color Color Default Number Name Palette Assignment 1 Black 1 2 Red 9 3 Green 73 4 Dark Blue 137 5 Yellow 41 6 Magenta 169 7 Permanent Blue 49 8 Permanent Magenta 113 9 Permanent Bright White 145 A Permanent Orange 97 B Permanent Green 65 C Permanent Brown 129 D Permanent Light Brown 33 E Permanent Pink 81 F Cyan 105 G White 201 NOTE All "permanent" colors listed in this table are for display purposes only. If you assign them to a graphic, the colors of the graphic will look the same regardless of the Wysiwyg session's :Display Color settings. These colors print as black, even if you have a color printer.